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111.
112.
Placid Rodriguez 《Bulletin of Materials Science》1996,19(6):857-872
It is well-known that with the appearance of three independent papers by Taylor, Polanyi and Orowan in the year 1934, the concept of crystal dislocations was born. Since then, dislocation theory has had many spectacular successes. It is quite appropriate therefore to be aware of the state of development of this exciting subject, sixty years after its discovery. A flavour for the vast subject of the applications of dislocation mechanisms to real materials is presented by choosing three examples, one each, drawn from metallurgy, physics and electronics. The topic of ‘Strength of metals and alloys’ is the first one, as this is also the author’s area of research. The phenomenon of solidification and crystal growth forms the next topic, especially in view of the seminal contributions made by A R Verma and his school from India. Dislocations play a useful role in the strengthening of solids, but how influential are they in affecting the performance of modern semiconductor devices? In the third example, the interesting and painstaking work done to settle this question is reviewed. Can we regard carbon fibre as thetransistor of dislocation theory? How shall we understand the long-established effects such as corrosion-fatigue, superplasticity and shape memory as well as the electrochemical and electro-mechanical properties of dislocations in semiconductor and non-metallic crystals? Answers to these questions belong to the realms of the future developments in dislocations. The talk is concluded with a discussion of these topics. 相似文献
113.
描述了适用于光波分复接网络高速连续可调液晶滤波器。该滤波器利用手征近晶型液晶作为F-P标准具有源腔材料得到了微秒级开关速度。使用商品 BDH764E液晶材料制成地光滤波器,开关速度小于10μs,可调范围给30nm,通带中心在1.55μm。 相似文献
114.
Sucrose crystallization in thin films (50–55 μm) was studied, using a videomicroscopy technique, at conditions encountered during hard panning processes. No nucleation occurred in unseeded films, while a linear increase in seeded crystals occurred during drying. Crystal growth rate increased with temperature (25–30°C) and with air velocity (2.4–12.5 m/sec), but did not change with varying sucrose concentrations (70–76% w/w) and relative humidities (0–66% at 30°C). FD & C Yellow No. 5 food coloring in the dye form (0.05–0.5 g/100 mL) showed no effects while similar concentrations in the lake form inhibited crystal growth rate. 相似文献
115.
报道了用光致发光光谱,吸收光谱和光电流谱研究具有相同组伊阱宽,不同覆盖层厚度的应变In0.20Ga0.80As/GaAs单量子阱结构的实验结果,结果理论计算,观察到GaAs覆盖层厚度对单量子阱结构的材料质量,应力驰豫和发光淬灭机制的影响,确定了各样品应变值和导带不连续因子Qc,并讨论了这种结构发光机制。 相似文献
116.
为了改善M2高速钢共晶碳化物的分布,本文利用小凝固试样变质的方法研究了Ti,N和Mg对M2高速钢凝固组织和硬度的影响。试验结果表明,加入Ti或Ti-N后,共晶碳化物形态和分布有很大改善,而加入Ti-N后对凝固组织有轻微的细化作用,但只添加Ti不补碳时,钢的淬火硬度和回火硬度均下降;加入适量的Mg可以使片状的M2C型共晶碳化物转为鱼骨状的M6C型共晶碳化物,使其分布有所改善,Ti和Mg复合加入可以明 相似文献
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119.
A new microstructure, thornball, of zinc oxide (ZnO) was synthesized by a very simple solid vapor deposition process under lead oxide (PbO) atmosphere. The microthornballs consist of numerous needles, which extend outwards in all directions symmetrically. They have dimensions of 120 μm in diameter, while the average diameter of the needles is about 100-200 nm. The needles on the balls grow along the 〈0 0 0 1〉 orientation and have gradient compositions along radial. Control experiments proved that PbO played an important role in the growth. Additionally, photoluminescence property was observed and provided the evidence that PbO did not deteriorate the optical properties of ZnO thornballs. This kind of microstructures has potential applications in the field of photochemical catalysis. 相似文献
120.
采用高频脉冲电铸工艺制备出了镍钴纳米复合块体材料,利用场发射扫描电镜、能谱和X射线衍射的方法,重点研究了复合块体沉积层的表面形貌、相结构和结晶取向。结果表明.高频率和润湿剂的添加对沉积层的细化有重要影响,高频脉冲电铸能够获得微观组织致密、均匀的复合块体材料。 相似文献